Textual Analysis - Strong's Numbers

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Textual Analysis Strong's Numbers

What are Strong's Numbers?

Before computers, to find each place where a particular word is used in a particular text (e.g., a Shakespeare play), scholars would create a concordance, i.e., an index of words and their locations. Dr. James Strong compiled a list of the words in the Old and New Testaments and assigned each root word a number. His numbering system has become the standard in biblical references.

Strong's Concordance is still valuable today, for two reasons.

Often, a Hebrew or Greek word may be translated with a number of unrelated English words. The only way to know that this variety does not exist in the actual Bible text is either to look at the original language or to check the Strong's Number.

For instance, the Hebrew root g-d-l can be translated "powerful", "important", "great", "large", "big", "mighty", "strong", etc. (Note that they all contain the idea of power and/or physical size.)

Similarly, certain distinct Hebrew or Greek words are translated into English with a single word. 

Consider the English word "you". Hebrew distinguishes:

Biblical Greek has even more words that would all be translated "you" because it distinguishes direct object, "I see you [direct object]", from indirect object: "I give you [indirect object] the book [direct object]."

Consider the English word "love". Greek has a number of words that are translated as English "love", including:

Ezekiel 43:3 Top: Masoretic text with vowels and singing marks. Bottom: Plain

Literal translations with Strong's Numbers: (vowels pronounced like Spanish)

Strong	Meaning	Hebrew		Pronunciation
| 4758 |	And like the appearance of	וכמראה		ukh-mar-e   (kh is like ch in Bach)
| 4759 |	the appearance (or vision)	המראה		ha-mar-e
|   834 |	which	אשר		a-sher
| 7200 |	I saw	ראיתי		ra-i-ti
	[was]
| 4758 |	like the appearance	כמראה		ka-mar-e
|   834 |	which	אשר		a-sher
| 7200 |	I saw	ראיתי		ra-i-ti
|   935 |	when I came (or "he" came)	בבאי		b'vo-i   (' is like "a" in about)
| 7843 |	to destroy	לשחת		li-sha-khet
| 5892 |	the city.	את־העיר		eht ha-ir
| 4759 |	And the appearances	ומראות		u-mar-ot   (ה is singular, ות is plural)
	[were]
| 4758 |	like the appearance	כמראה		ka-mar-e
|   834 |	which	אשר		a-sher
| 7200 |	I saw	ראיתי		ra-i-ti
| 5921 |	by (or at)	אל		al
| 5104 |	the River	נהר		n'har
| 3529 |	Chebar.	כבר		k'var
| 5307 |	And I fell	ואפל		va-e-pol
| 5921 |	on (or to)	אל		al
| 6440 |	my face.	פני		pa-nai

Hebrew linguistic structure is vastly different from English and European languages. In the above text, "And like the appearance of" is a single word in Hebrew, ukh-mar-e. The "u" should be a "v" and means "and". But in front of a kh the "v" changes to "u". The "kh" means "like". Actually, the "the" should be "ha". However, the "h" disappears if it is preceded by the "kh" of  "like". Then the remaining "a" disappears for other reasons!

I have indicated the root word associated with the Strong's Number by coloring it blue. In other words, at the end, Number 6440 means "face", not "my".

Let's say you find the word "man" in two locations in the Old Testament. Are they the same word in Hebrew? The Hebrew may use the word ah-DAHM in one place but eesh in the other. Eesh can also mean "husband", but ah-DAHM can't.

You can look up Strong's Numbers and see literal translations at: www.BlueLetterBible.org